Concrete tie, &amp;c.



No. 793,057. I PATENTED JUNE 27, 1905. H. H. GLOUGH.

CONCRETE TIE, ciao,

APPLICATION FILED APR. 13.1904.

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WITNESSES: IIVVE/VTOH PATENTED JUNE 27, 1905.

H. H. OLOUGH.

CONCRETE TIE, &0.

APPLIOATION FILED APR. 18,1904.

2 SHEETSSHEET 2.

Suuentoz q vdivwoow attozmu a Patented June 27, 1905.

PATENT OFFICE.

HENRY H. OLOUGH, OF ELYRIA, OHIO.

CONCRETE TIE, &c.

SPECIFICATION forming part of Letters Patent No. 793,057, dated June 2'7, 1905.

Application filed April 18, 1904. Serial No. 203,682.

To 11]] whom it may concern.-

Be it known that I, HENRY H. OLoUGH, a citizen of the United States, residingat Ely ria, in the county of Lorain and State of Ohio, have invented certain new and useful Improvements in Concrete Ties, &c., of which the following is a specification.

This invention relates to improvements in concrete structures, such as railway-ties, mileposts, telephone and telegraph poles, fenceposts, and the like; and it has for its object to provide an improved means for stiffening such concrete structures and in particular in this instance to provide an improved form of railway-tie provided with such stiffening means.

To this end the invention consists in the matters herein set forth, and particularly pointed out in the appended claims, and will be fully understood from the following description of the construction illustrated in the accompanying drawings, in which- Figure 1 is a top plan view of one end of a railway-tie embodying my invention in one of its forms; Fig. 2, a side view of the same. Fig. 3 is a transverse section thereof. Fig. 4 is a top plan view of a similar railway-tie having its stiffening members somewhat differently arranged. Fig. 5 is a side elevation thereof. Fig. 6 is a transverse section thereof. Fig. 7 is an enlarged fragmentary detail of one of the stiffening members. Fig. 8 is a perspective view of a pair of railway-ties similar to those shown in Figs. 4:, 5, and 6, showing the manner in which the rails are ap plied thereto.

The gist of this invention in respect to the improved stiffening means provided consists in the employment for the strengthening of concrete structures of flat strips of iron or steel perforated at frequent intervals with holes within which, as well as around the strips, the concrete may em bed itself when the structure is molded. For this purpose stripsteel scrap is especially available and particularly contemplated, such scrap, for example, as results from the punching of the links of bicycle and other link belts or chains from the long thin strips or wide and thin bars of steel used for their manufacture. This scrapsteel may be obtained of almost any width and thickness and while very light, owing to its skeleton-like form, due to the punching in it of a multiplicity of' holes in close proximity to each other, is yet very stiff in the direction of its width. in the practical carrying out of this idea as applied to the railwaytie G, (shown in Figs. 1, 2, and 3,) two pairs A and B of strip-steel scrap S are molded longitudinally into the body of the concrete tie. Of these the strips B B are arranged in vertical planes parallel to each other and near the center of the tie, Fig. 3, while the strips A A are arranged in a common horizontal plane about midway of the depth of the tie and at either side of the strips B B. The latter strips are shown as of considerable width or depth, and consequently stiffen the tie very greatly in a vertical direction, which is that in which the greatest strain on the tie occurs. The strips A A, on the other hand, are relatively narrow, but jointly afford sufficient lateral stiffness to the tie. This latter is in this instance a railroad-tie of the largeended type, such as that previously described and claimed in my concurrent application, filed March 14, 1904:, Serial No. 197,967, and the horizontal strips A A are shown as only extended through the reduced middle portion of the tie and a short distanceinto its enlarged end portions. The vertical strips B B, however, are shown as extended practically the entire length of the tie.

In the tie shown in Figs. 4, 5, and 6 the stiffening is accomplished in a slightly-different mannerthat is to say, the strips in this instance are all narrow strips and comprise two pairs O C, which lie in parallel vertical planes some considerable distance apart, as shown in Fig. 6, and a single pair of horizontal strips 1) D, arranged one above the other between the vertical pairs O O. In this construction all of the strips are shown as extending practically the full length of the tie.

One important feature of the present improvement also consists in providing each end of the tie G with rigid wooden blocks E, which enable the rails to be secured to the tie by ordinary railway-spikes. These wooden blocks E E are shown as fitted within opposite lateral recesses in the enlarged ends of the tie, and the ends of these recesses are herein shown as beveled inwardly toward the upper surface of the tie, so that the lugs have a dovetailed engagement therewith and can.-

not be pulled or lifted out by the upward pull of the rails. The latter are then fastened to the tie simply by driving railwayspikes into the wooden blocks to engage the flange of the rails in the ordinary manner. The life of the blocks will of course be much less than the life of the ties, which are practically indestructible; but new blocks may be readily fitted at any time and inserted in the tie whether the rail is in place or not. Preferably the bottoms of the blocks will be flush with the bottom of the tie and will rest upon the ballast with the tie, thus ordinarily furnishing an additional area of support for the rail, as the blocks themselves will commonly be made wide enough to project somewhat beyond the tie- To bind the blocks more closely to the tie, bolts may be passed transversely through the latter and through the blocks, if so desired, but are not herein illustrated.

I claim as my invention- 1. The combination with an elongated block of concrete, of stiffening members consisting of separate stiffening-strips of sheet-steel scrap punched with closely-adjacent perforations, said strips being separated from each other by the intervening concrete of the block and beingdisposed at various angles within the concrete, substantially as described.

2. A concrete railway-tie provided at each end with a pair of recesses arranged laterally with respect to the length of the tie and placed opposite each other, and with a pair of wooden blocks interlocking with said recesses and forming two separate bearings, each extending transversely beneath the rail and to each of which the rail can be spiked on both sides, substantially as described.

3. A concrete railway-tie provided at each end with a pair of recesses arranged laterally with respect to the length of the tie and placed opposite each other, said recesses being of dovetail shape with their smaller ends uppermost, and with a pair of wooden blocks dovetailed into said recesses and forming two separate bearings, each extending transversely beneath the rail and to each of which the rail can be spiked on both sides, substantially as described.

4. A concrete railway-tie provided at its ends with recesses, and wooden blocks dovetailed into said recesses, and to which the rails may be spiked, said blocks reaching to the bottom of the tie and projecting laterally beyond the tie, substantially as described.

5. A concrete railway-tie provided with a plurality of stiffening strips of sheet-steel scrap punched with closely-adjacent perforations and separately. disposed at various angles within the concrete, dovetailed recesses at each end of the tie, and wooden blocks.

H. H. CLOUGH.

Witnesses:

HENRY WV. CARTER, K. A. Cos'rnLLo. 

